Diabetes in Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment

Do you know what diabetes in dogs is? Just like people, our pets can suffer from it too, both dogs and cats. Let’s take a look at what it involves.

Diabetes in dogs: what does it involve?

Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disease that occurs when a dog’s body does not produce enough insulin or does not use it properly.

Insulin is a hormone that regulates glucose (sugar) levels in the blood. When there is a problem with insulin, blood glucose levels rise, which can lead to serious complications if not properly controlled.

Types of diabetes in pets

There are 2 types:

• Type 1 diabetes: This is the most common form in dogs. It happens because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. Most dogs with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin injections.
• Type 2 diabetes: Although it is less common in dogs, it occurs when the body cannot use insulin efficiently (insulin resistance). This form is usually linked to obesity and can be treated with oral medication, but it is more common in older and overweight dogs.

What causes and risk factors are there?

It is important to bear in mind that there is not always a specific cause, but it is useful to know the following factors:

• Older age: Older dogs are more likely to develop diabetes.
• Obesity: Excess weight can lead to insulin resistance.
• Breed: Some breeds, such as Poodles, Schnauzers, Dachshunds and Beagles, are more susceptible.
• Genetic history: A genetic predisposition can increase the risk.

Symptoms of diabetes in dogs

• Increased thirst (polydipsia)

• Increased urination (polyuria)
• Unexplained weight loss despite an increase in appetite
• Cataracts (a clouding of the eye that can lead to blindness)
• Fatigue or lack of energy
• Vomiting or stomach upset

You need to be careful, because if diabetes is not properly controlled, these symptoms can worsen and lead to complications such as cataracts that may result in blindness, metabolic problems such as ketoacidosis, and more serious kidney and cardiovascular disease.

How is it diagnosed?

Your regular vet can help you. Diagnosing diabetes in dogs is generally done through blood and urine tests. Vets look for high blood glucose levels and glucose in the urine. They may also assess the dog’s clinical signs and carry out other tests to rule out related diseases.

Can diabetes in dogs be cured?

Aside from administering insulin, which is the key part, it is very important to take care of the other aspects we explain below.

1. Insulin: Dogs with type 1 diabetes generally require daily insulin injections. The vet will determine the correct dose.
2. Special diet: It is important to follow a diet that is controlled in carbohydrates and rich in fibre. Meals should be given consistently to avoid fluctuations in glucose levels. Here are a few examples: Virbac Hpm Canine Weight Loss Diabetes, Purina Pro Plan Vet Canine Diabetes,Advance Vet Canine Adult Diabetes, among others.
3. Monitoring: It is crucial to monitor the dog’s blood glucose levels, which can be done with glucose meters specifically designed for animals. Vets may also recommend regular check-ups to adjust treatment as needed. Always follow the advice of your regular vet.

What is the prognosis?

With early diagnosis and proper management, many dogs with diabetes can live a relatively normal and active life. However, treatment requires commitment and constant monitoring from the owner. Adjustments to diet, insulin doses and glucose monitoring are essential for proper control.

If you think your dog may have diabetes, we recommend seeing your regular vet for a diagnosis. We will be here to advise you on beneficial products for your furry friend.